#meta full request: /GEOMETRY/Material_HDDS.xml:0:mc_cpp:2021-05-18_09-41-06
#meta variation: mc_cpp
#meta created: 2021-05-18 09:41:06
#meta run range: 0 - 999999
#meta author: jonesrt

##new ArCO2 mixture for FMWPC

#& xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--DOCTYPE HDDS>

  Hall D Geometry Data Base: Materials
  *************************************

     version 1.0: Initial version with all elements and some
                  composites. -rtj
 
<HDDS specification="v1.0" xmlns="http://www.gluex.org/hdds">
-->

<materials version="3.1"
           date="2019-01-15"
           author="R.T. Jones"
           specification="v1.0" >

  <!-- Define the elements -->

  <element name="Hydrogen" symbol="H" z="1" a="1.00797">
	<real name="density"	value="0.0000838" unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="61.28"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="43.3"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="50.8"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="4.045"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>
  <element name="LiqHydrogen" symbol="LH" z="1" a="1.00797">
	<real name="density"	value="0.0708"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="61.28"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="43.3"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="50.8"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="4.045"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Deuterium" symbol="D" z="1" a="2.01">
	<real name="density"	value="0.000167" unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="122.4"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="45.7"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="54.7"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="2.052"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>
  <element name="LiqDeuterium" symbol="LD" z="1" a="2.01">
	<real name="density"	value="0.169"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="122.4"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="45.7"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="54.7"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="2.052"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Helium" symbol="He" z="2" a="4.0026">
	<real name="density"	value="0.000166" unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="94.32"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="49.9"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="65.1"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.937"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>
  <element name="LiqHelium" symbol="LHe" z="2" a="4.0026">
	<real name="density" value="0.1217"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="94.32"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="49.9"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="65.1"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.937"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Lithium" symbol="Li" z="3" a="6.9410">
	<real name="density"	value="0.534"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="82.76"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="54.6"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="73.4"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.639"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Beryllium" symbol="Be" z="4" a="9.0122">
	<real name="density"	value="1.8480"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="65.19"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="55.8"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="75.2"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.594"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Boron10" symbol="B10" z="5" a="10.0" />
  <element name="Boron11" symbol="B11" z="5" a="11.0" />
  <element name="Boron" symbol="B" z="5" a="10.8">
	<real name="density"	value="2.34"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Carbon" symbol="C" z="6" a="12.011">
	<real name="density"	value="2.2650"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="42.70"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="60.2"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="86.3"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.745"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Nitrogen" symbol="N" z="7" a="14.0067">
	<real name="density"	value="0.00116"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="37.99"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="61.4"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="87.8"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.825"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>
  <element name="LiqNitrogen" symbol="LN" z="7" a="14.0067">
	<real name="density"	value="0.8073"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="37.99"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="61.4"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="87.8"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.825"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Oxygen" symbol="O" z="8" a="15.9995">
	<real name="density"	value="0.00133"	unit="g/cm^3" />
	<real name="radlen"	value="34.24"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="63.2"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="91.0"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.801"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>
  <element name="LiqOxygen" symbol="LO" z="8" a="15.9995">
	<real name="density"	value="1.141"	unit="g/cm^3" />
	<real name="radlen"	value="34.24"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="63.2"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="91.0"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.801"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Fluorine" symbol="F" z="9" a="18.9984">
	<real name="density"	value="0.00158" unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="32.93"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="65.5"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="95.3"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.675"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>
  <element name="LiqFluorine" symbol="LF" z="9" a="18.9984">
	<real name="density"	value="1.507"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="32.93"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="65.5"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="95.3"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.675"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Neon" symbol="Ne" z="10" a="20.179">
	<real name="density"	value="0.000830" unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="28.94"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="66.1"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="96.6"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.724"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>
  <element name="LiqNeon" symbol="LNe" z="10" a="20.179">
	<real name="density"	value="1.204"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="28.94"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="66.1"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="96.6"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.724"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Sodium" symbol="Na" z="11" a="22.9898">
	<real name="density"	value="0.969"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Magnesium" symbol="Mg" z="12" a="24.305">
	<real name="density"	value="1.735"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Aluminum" symbol="Al" z="13" a="26.9815">
	<real name="density"	value="2.700"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="24.01"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="70.6"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="106.4"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.615"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Silicon" symbol="Si" z="14" a="28.086">
	<real name="density"	value="2.33"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="21.82"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="70.6"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="106.0"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.664"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Phosphorus" symbol="P" z="15" a="30.9738">
	<real name="density"	value="1.82"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Sulfur" symbol="S" z="16" a="32.06">
	<real name="density"	value="2.07"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Chlorine" symbol="Cl" z="17" a="35.453">
	<real name="density"	value="1.56"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Argon" symbol="Ar" z="18" a="39.948">
	<real name="density"	value="0.00166" unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="19.55"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="76.4"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="117.2"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.519"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>
  <element name="LiqArgon" symbol="LAr" z="18" a="39.948">
	<real name="density"	value="1.396"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="19.55"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="76.4"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="117.2"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.519"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Potassium" symbol="K" z="19" a="39.098">
	<real name="density"	value=".860"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Calcium" symbol="Ca" z="20" a="40.08">
	<real name="density"	value="1.55"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Scandium" symbol="Sc" z="21" a="44.956">
	<real name="density"	value="2.98"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Titanium" symbol="Ti" z="22" a="47.90">
	<real name="density"	value="4.53"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="16.17"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="79.9"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="124.9"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.476"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Vanadium" symbol="V" z="23" a="50.9414">
	<real name="density"	value="6.10"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Chromium" symbol="Cr" z="24" a="51.996">
	<real name="density"	value="7.18"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Manganese" symbol="Mn" z="25" a="54.9830">
	<real name="density"	value="7.43"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Iron" symbol="Fe" z="26" a="55.847">
	<real name="density"	value="7.87"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="13.84"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="82.8"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="131.9"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.451"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Cobalt" symbol="Co" z="27" a="58.9332">
	<real name="density"	value="8.90"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Nickel" symbol="Ni" z="28" a="58.70">
	<real name="density"	value="8.876"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Copper" symbol="Cu" z="29" a="63.546">
	<real name="density"	value="8.96"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="12.86"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="85.6"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="134.9"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.403"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Zinc" symbol="Zn" z="30" a="65.38">
	<real name="density"	value="7.112"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Gallium" symbol="Ga" z="31" a="69.72">
	<real name="density"	value="5.877"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Germanium" symbol="Ge" z="32" a="72.59">
	<real name="density"	value="5.3230"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="12.25"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="88.3"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="140.5"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.371"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Arsenic" symbol="As" z="33" a="74.9216">
	<real name="density"	value="5.72"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Selenium" symbol="Se" z="34" a="78.96">
	<real name="density"	value="4.78"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Bromine" symbol="Br" z="35" a="79.904">
	<real name="density"	value="3.11"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Krypton" symbol="Kr" z="36" a="83.80">
	<real name="density"	value="2.60"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Rubidium" symbol="Rb" z="37" a="85.4678">
	<real name="density"	value="1.529"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Strontium" symbol="Sr" z="38" a="87.62">
	<real name="density"	value="2.54"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Yttrium" symbol="Y" z="39" a="88.909">
	<real name="density"	value="4.456"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Zirconium" symbol="Zr" z="40" a="91.22">
	<real name="density"	value="6.494"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Niobium" symbol="Nb" z="41" a="92.9064">
	<real name="density"	value="8.55"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Molybdenum" symbol="Mo" z="42" a="95.94">
	<real name="density"	value="10.20"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Technetium" symbol="Tc" z="43" a="97">
	<real name="density"	value="11.48"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Ruthenium" symbol="Ru" z="44" a="101.07">
	<real name="density"	value="12.39"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Rhodium" symbol="Rh" z="45" a="102.905">
	<real name="density"	value="12.39"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Palladium" symbol="Pd" z="46" a="106.04">
	<real name="density"	value="12.00"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Silver" symbol="Ag" z="47" a="107.868">
	<real name="density"	value="10.48"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Cadmium" symbol="Cd" z="48" a="112.40">
	<real name="density"	value="8.63"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Indium" symbol="In" z="49" a="114.82">
	<real name="density"	value="7.30"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Tin" symbol="Sn" z="50" a="118.69">
	<real name="density"	value="7.31"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="8.82"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="100.2"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="163"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.264"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Antimony" symbol="Sb" z="51" a="121.75">
	<real name="density"	value="6.679"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Tellurium" symbol="Te" z="52" a="127.60">
	<real name="density"	value="6.23"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Iodine" symbol="I" z="53" a="126.9046">
	<real name="density"	value="7.30"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Xenon" symbol="Xe" z="54" a="131.30">
	<real name="density"	value="0.00546" unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="8.48"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="102.8"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="169"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.255"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>
  <element name="LiqXenon" symbol="LXe" z="54" a="131.30">
	<real name="density"	value="2.953"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="8.48"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="102.8"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="169"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.255"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Cesium" symbol="Cs" z="55" a="132.905">
	<real name="density"	value="1.870"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Barium" symbol="Ba" z="56" a="137.34">
	<real name="density"	value="3.50"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Larthanum" symbol="La" z="57" a="138.91">
	<real name="density"	value="6.127"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Cerium" symbol="Ce" z="58" a="140.12">
	<real name="density"	value="6.637"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Praseodymium" symbol="Pr" z="59" a="140.908" />

  <element name="Neodymium" symbol="Nd" z="60" a="144.24" />

  <element name="Promethium" symbol="Pm" z="61" a="145" />

  <element name="Samarium" symbol="Sm" z="62" a="150.4" />

  <element name="Europium" symbol="Eu" z="63" a="151.96" />

  <element name="Gadolinium" symbol="Gd" z="64" a="157.25" />

  <element name="Terbium" symbol="Tb" z="65" a="158.925" />

  <element name="Dysprosium" symbol="Dy" z="66" a="162.50" />

  <element name="Holmium" symbol="Ho" z="67" a="164.930" />

  <element name="Erbium" symbol="Er" z="68" a="167.26" />

  <element name="Thulium" symbol="Tm" z="69" a="168.934" />

  <element name="Ytterbium" symbol="Yb" z="70" a="173.04" />

  <element name="Lutetium" symbol="Lu" z="71" a="174.97" />

  <element name="Hafnium" symbol="Hf" z="72" a="178.49" />

  <element name="Tantalum" symbol="Ta" z="73" a="180.948" />

  <element name="Tungsten" symbol="W" z="74" a="183.85">
	<real name="density"	value="19.3"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="6.76"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="110.3"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="185"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.145"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Rhenium" symbol="Re" z="75" a="186.207" />

  <element name="Osmium" symbol="Os" z="76" a="190.2" />

  <element name="Iridium" symbol="Ir" z="77" a="192.22" />

  <element name="Platinum" symbol="Pt" z="78" a="195.09">
	<real name="radlen"	value="6.54"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="113.3"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="189.7"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.129"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Gold" symbol="Au" z="79" a="196.967">
	<real name="density"	value="18.85"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Mercury" symbol="Hg" z="80" a="200.59" />

  <element name="Thallium" symbol="Tl" z="81" a="204.37" />

  <element name="Lead" symbol="Pb" z="82" a="207.2">
	<real name="density"	value="11.35"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="6.37"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="116.2"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="194"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.123"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Bismuth" symbol="Bi" z="83" a="208.980">
	<real name="density"	value="9.37"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Polonium" symbol="Po" z="84" a="209" />

  <element name="Astatine" symbol="At" z="85" a="210" />

  <element name="Radon" symbol="Rn" z="86" a="222" />

  <element name="Francium" symbol="Fr" z="87" a="223" />

  <element name="Radium" symbol="Ra" z="88" a="226.03" />

  <element name="Actinium" symbol="Ac" z="89" a="227" />

  <element name="Thorium" symbol="Th" z="90" a="232.038" />

  <element name="Protactinium" symbol="Pa" z="91" a="231.038" />

  <element name="Uranium" symbol="U" z="92" a="238.03">
	<real name="density"	value="18.950"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="6.00"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="117.0"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="199"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.082"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </element>

  <element name="Neptunium" symbol="Np" z="93" a="237.048" />

  <!-- Define the composite materials -->

  <composite name="Vacuum">
	<addmaterial material="Helium">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.5"	/>
    </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Nitrogen">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.5"	/>
    </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1e-12"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="1.0"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="1.0"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="1.0"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="0.0"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Scintillator">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="8"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="9" /></addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.032"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="43.72"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="58.5"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="81.9"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.936"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="BCF-12">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="8"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="8" /></addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.049"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Brass">
    <addmaterial material="Copper">
      <fractionmass fraction="0.65" />
    </addmaterial>
    <addmaterial material="Zinc">
      <fractionmass fraction="0.35"/>
    </addmaterial>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Air">
	<addmaterial material="Nitrogen">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.7494"	/>
	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.2369"	/>
	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Argon">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.0129"	/>
	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.0008"	/>
	</addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="0.001214"	unit="g/cm^3" />
	<real name="radlen"	value="36.66"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="62.0"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="90.0"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.815"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="CO2">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">  <natoms n="1"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">  <natoms n="2"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="0.001977"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="36.2"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="62.4"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="89.7"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.819"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </composite>
   
  <composite name="ArCO2">
	<addmaterial material="Argon">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.93"	/>
	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="CO2">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.07"	/>
	</addmaterial>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Bakelite">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="1"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="4"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">   <natoms n="2"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.4"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Nomex">
 	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="14" /> </addmaterial>
 	<addmaterial material="Oxygen"> <natoms n="4" /> </addmaterial>
 	<addmaterial material="Carbon"> <natoms n="14" /> </addmaterial>
 	<addmaterial material="Nitrogen"> <natoms n="2" /> </addmaterial>
 	<real name="density" value="0.029" unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="Polypropylene">	
        <addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="6" /> </addmaterial>
  	<addmaterial material="Carbon"> <natoms n="3" /> </addmaterial>
  	<real name="density" value="0.945" unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="Polyetherimide">
 	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="24" /> </addmaterial>
 	<addmaterial material="Oxygen"> <natoms n="6" /> </addmaterial>
 	<addmaterial material="Carbon"> <natoms n="37" /> </addmaterial>
 	<addmaterial material="Nitrogen"> <natoms n="2" /> </addmaterial>
 	<real name="density" value="1.27" unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="Ultem2300">
     <addmaterial material="Polyetherimide">
         <fractionmass fraction="0.70"/>
     </addmaterial>
     <addmaterial material="BorosilicateGlass">
         <fractionmass fraction="0.30"/>
     </addmaterial>
     <real name="density" value="1.51" unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="Nylon">
	<addmaterial material="Nitrogen"> <natoms n="1"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="6"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="11" /></addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">   <natoms n="1"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.14"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="36.7"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="58.5"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="81.5"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.974"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="PolyphenyleneOxide">
	<addmaterial material="Nitrogen"> <natoms n="1"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="15"/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="11" /></addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">   <natoms n="1"	/> </addmaterial>
        <real name="density" value="1.06" unit="g/cm^3"/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Lexan">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="16" /></addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="14" /></addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">   <natoms n="3"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.20"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="34.6"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="59.5"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="83.9"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.886"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Mylar">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="5"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="4"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">   <natoms n="2"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.39"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="39.95"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="60.2"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="85.7"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.848"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Polyethylene">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="1"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="2"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="0.95"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="44.64"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="57.0"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="78.4"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="2.076"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Kapton">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="22" /></addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="10" /></addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">   <natoms n="5"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Nitrogen"> <natoms n="2"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.42"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="40.56"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="60.3"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="85.8"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.820"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Plexiglas">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="5"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="8"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">   <natoms n="2"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.20"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="40.49"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="59.3"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.929"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
	<optical_properties>
          <specify E="1.50" refindex="1.484" abslen="83.0" />
          <specify E="2.00" refindex="1.4896" abslen="83.0" />
          <specify E="2.50" refindex="1.4968" abslen="83.0" />
          <specify E="3.00" refindex="1.5034" abslen="83.0" />
          <specify E="3.50" refindex="1.51" abslen="50.0" />
          <specify E="4.00" refindex="1.52" abslen="8.0" />
          <specify E="4.50" refindex="1.53" abslen="0.0" />
          <specify E="5.00" refindex="1.54" abslen="0.0" />
          <specify E="5.50" refindex="1.55" abslen="0.0" />
        </optical_properties>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Polystyrene">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="8"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="8"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.032"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="43.72"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="58.5"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="81.9"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.936"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Tedlar">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="2" /></addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="3" /></addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Fluorine"> <natoms n="1"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.49"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="PVC">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="2"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="3"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Chlorine"> <natoms n="1"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.32"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="ABS-PVC">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="15"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="17"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Nitrogen"> <natoms n="1"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.11"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Teflon">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="1"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Fluorine"> <natoms n="2"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="2.20"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="34.84"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="64.2"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="93.0"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.671"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Polyurethane">
        <addmaterial material="Carbon"> <natoms n="25" /></addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="42" /></addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Nitrogen"> <natoms n="2" /></addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Oxygen"> <natoms n="6" /></addmaterial>
        <real name="density" value="1.12" unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="Pyrex">
	<addmaterial material="Silicon">  <natoms n="15" /></addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Boron">    <natoms n="2"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Sodium">   <natoms n="1"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">   <natoms n="33" /></addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="2.23"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="28.3"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="66.2"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="97.6"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.695"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="CarbonFiber">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="1"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="2.2650"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
	<real name="radlen"	value="42.70"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="60.2"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="86.3"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.745"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Ethane">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="2"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="6"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value=".001356"	unit="g/cm^3" />
	<real name="radlen"	value="45.47"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="55.8"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="75.7"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="2.304"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Freon">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="1"	/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Fluorine"> <natoms n="4"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value=".003929"	unit="g/cm^3" />
	<real name="radlen"	value="32.93"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="collen"	value="65.5"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="abslen"	value="95.3"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
	<real name="dedx"	value="1.675"	unit="MeV/g/cm^2"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="CDchamberGas">
	<addmaterial material="Argon">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.474"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="CO2">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.526"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
  </composite>

  <composite name="CopperKaptonEpoxy">
	<addmaterial material="Copper">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.21"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Kapton">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.38"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="EpoxyResin">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.41"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
  </composite>

  <composite name="CopperKapton">
	<addmaterial material="Copper">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.335"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Kapton">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.665"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
  </composite>
  

  <composite name="CDCStrawMaterial">
  <addmaterial material="Aluminum">
  <fractionmass fraction="0.187" />
  </addmaterial>
  <addmaterial material="EpoxyResin">
  <fractionmass fraction="0.165" />
  </addmaterial>
  <addmaterial material="Mylar">
  <fractionmass fraction="0.648"/>
  </addmaterial>
  </composite>  

  <composite name="AluminumMesh">	
     <addmaterial material="Aluminum">
         <fractionmass fraction="0.99877"/>
     </addmaterial>
     <addmaterial material="Air">
         <fractionmass fraction="0.00123"/>
     </addmaterial>
     <real name="density" value="0.5816" unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="AluminizedKapton">
	<addmaterial material="Aluminum">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.087"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Kapton">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.913"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
  </composite>

  <composite name="AluminizedMylarFilm">
	<addmaterial material="Mylar">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.967" />
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Aluminum">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.030" />
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="EpoxyResin">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.000" />
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Air">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.003" />
 	</addmaterial>
   <!-- The density here is deliberately depressed so that the thickness
        of the mylar volume mocks up the following structure:
              1. 6.3 microns of mylar
              2. 0.1 microns of aluminum
              3. 19.6 microns of air
        The air is there to make the layer thick enough for the Geant
        tracking code not to miss it due to fp rounding errors.  -->
	<real name="density"	value="0.35"	unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="AluminizedMylar">
	<addmaterial material="Aluminum">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.071"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Mylar">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.929"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.47"	unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="AluminumComb">
	<addmaterial material="Aluminum">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.0378"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Air">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.9622"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="0.102"	unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="FDchamberGas">
	<addmaterial material="Argon">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.38"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="CO2">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.62"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
  </composite>

  <composite name="FMWPCchamberGas">
	<addmaterial material="Argon">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.883" />
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="CO2">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.117" />
 	</addmaterial>
  </composite>

  <composite name="CalciumTitanate">
        <addmaterial material="Calcium"> <natoms n="1" /> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Titanium"> <natoms n="1" /> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Oxygen"> <natoms n="3" /> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="3.70"	unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="HVcapacitorSolder">
	<addmaterial material="CalciumTitanate">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.90"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Silver">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.10"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
  </composite>

  <composite name="BC600epoxy">
        <addmaterial material="Carbon"> <natoms n="60" /> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="79" /> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Oxygen"> <natoms n="3" /> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Nitrogen"> <natoms n="2" /> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.18"	unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="leadScint">
	<addmaterial material="BCF-12">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.1036"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Lead">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.8619"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="BC600epoxy">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.0345"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="4.87"	unit="g/cm^3" />
	<real name="radlen"	value="7.19"	unit="g/cm^2"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="leadGlassSF3">
	<addmaterial material="Lead">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.42"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Silicon">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.20"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Potassium">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.09"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Sodium">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.01"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.28"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="3.60"	unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="leadGlassF800">
	<addmaterial material="Lead">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.6803"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Silicon">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.0877"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Potassium">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.0593"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Sodium">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.0060"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.1667"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="3.61"	unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="SiliconDioxide">
        <addmaterial material="Silicon">  <natoms n="1" /> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Oxygen">   <natoms n="2" /> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="2.60"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="BoricOxide">
        <addmaterial material="Boron">  <natoms n="2" /> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Oxygen"> <natoms n="3" /> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="2.46"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="SodiumOxide">
        <addmaterial material="Sodium"> <natoms n="2" /> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Oxygen"> <natoms n="1" /> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="2.27"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="AluminumOxide">
        <addmaterial material="Aluminum"> <natoms n="2" /> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Oxygen">   <natoms n="3" /> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="3.97"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="IronOxide">
        <addmaterial material="Iron">    <natoms n="1" /> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Oxygen">  <natoms n="1" /> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="5.70"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="PotassiumOxide">
        <addmaterial material="Potassium"> <natoms n="2" /> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Oxygen">    <natoms n="1" /> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="2.35"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="CalciumOxide">
        <addmaterial material="Calcium"> <natoms n="1" /> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Oxygen">  <natoms n="1" /> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="3.35"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="MagnesiumOxide">
        <addmaterial material="Magnesium"> <natoms n="1" /> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Oxygen">    <natoms n="1" /> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="3.58"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="BorosilicateGlass">
	<addmaterial material="SiliconDioxide">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.70" />
 	</addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="BoricOxide">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.10" />
 	</addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="SodiumOxide">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.08" />
 	</addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="PotassiumOxide">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.08" />
 	</addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="AluminumOxide">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.025" />
 	</addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="IronOxide">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.015" />
 	</addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="2.30"		unit="g/cm^3" />
	<optical_properties>
	  <specify E="1.50" refindex="1.513" abslen="25." />
	  <specify E="2.00" refindex="1.519" abslen="25." />
	  <specify E="2.50" refindex="1.525" abslen="25." />
	  <specify E="3.00" refindex="1.532" abslen="25." />
	  <specify E="3.50" refindex="1.537" abslen="15.9" />
	  <specify E="4.00" refindex="1.537" abslen="0.33" />
	  <specify E="4.50" refindex="1.537" abslen="0." />
	  <specify E="5.00" refindex="1.537" abslen="0." />
	  <specify E="5.50" refindex="1.537" abslen="0." />
	</optical_properties>
  </composite>

  <composite name="E-glass">
	<addmaterial material="SiliconDioxide">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.54" />
 	</addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="AluminumOxide">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.14" />
 	</addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="BoricOxide">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.10" />
 	</addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="CalciumOxide">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.12" />
 	</addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="MagnesiumOxide">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.10" />
 	</addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="2.61"		unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="EpoxyResin">
        <addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="18" /> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="20" /> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Oxygen">   <natoms n="3" /> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.3"		unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="E-fiberGlass">
        <addmaterial material="EpoxyResin">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.327" />
	</addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="E-glass">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.673" />
	</addmaterial>
  </composite>

  <composite name="CarbonFiberEpoxy">
        <addmaterial material="CarbonFiber">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.60" />
	</addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="EpoxyResin">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.40" />
	</addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="CarbonFiber">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.60" />
	</addmaterial>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Noryl">
     <addmaterial material="Polystyrene">
         <fractionmass fraction="0.35"/>
     </addmaterial>
     <addmaterial material="PolyphenyleneOxide">
         <fractionmass fraction="0.35"/>
     </addmaterial>
     <addmaterial material="BorosilicateGlass">
         <fractionmass fraction="0.30"/>
     </addmaterial>
     <real name="density" value="1.36" unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="CerenkovGas">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon"> <natoms n="4" /> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Fluorine"> <natoms n="10" /> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="0.01012"	unit="g/cm^3" />
    <optical_properties>
	  <specify E="1.50" refindex="1.001331" abslen="10000" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="2.00" refindex="1.001340" abslen="10000" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="2.50" refindex="1.001353" abslen="10000" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="3.00" refindex="1.001368" abslen="10000" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="3.50" refindex="1.001386" abslen="10000" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="4.00" refindex="1.001407" abslen="3000" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="4.50" refindex="1.001430" abslen="2000" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="5.00" refindex="1.001456" abslen="150" effic="0.0" />
    </optical_properties>
  </composite>

  <composite name="FarEndCerenkovMirror">
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen">
		<natoms n="11"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">
		<natoms n="8"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Nitrogen">
		<natoms n="1"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">
		<natoms n="2"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="0.2"	unit="g/cm^3" />
    <optical_properties>
	  <specify E="1.50" reflect="0.98" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="2.00" reflect="0.98" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="2.50" reflect="0.98" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="3.00" reflect="0.95" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="3.50" reflect="0.93" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="4.00" reflect="0.89" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="4.50" reflect="0.80" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="5.00" reflect="0.30" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
    </optical_properties>
  </composite>

  <composite name="ThinCerenkovMirror">
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen">
		<natoms n="11"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">
		<natoms n="8"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Nitrogen">
		<natoms n="1"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">
		<natoms n="2"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="0.04"	unit="g/cm^3" />
    <optical_properties>
	  <specify E="1.50" reflect="0.98" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="2.00" reflect="0.98" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="2.50" reflect="0.98" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="3.00" reflect="0.95" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="3.50" reflect="0.93" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="4.00" reflect="0.89" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="4.50" reflect="0.80" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="5.00" reflect="0.30" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
    </optical_properties>
  </composite>

  <composite name="ThickCerenkovMirror">
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen">
		<natoms n="11"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">
		<natoms n="8"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Nitrogen">
		<natoms n="1"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">
		<natoms n="2"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="0.20"	unit="g/cm^3" />
    <optical_properties>
	  <specify E="1.50" reflect="0.98" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="2.00" reflect="0.98" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="2.50" reflect="1.00" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="3.00" reflect="0.99" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="3.50" reflect="0.93" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="4.00" reflect="0.62" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="4.50" reflect="0.31" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
	  <specify E="5.00" reflect="0.00" smooth="1" effic="0.0" />
    </optical_properties>
  </composite>

  <composite name="fusedSilica">
	<addmaterial material="Silicon"> <natoms n="1"/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen"> <natoms n="2"/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="2.20"	unit="g/cm^3" />
        <optical_properties>
	     <specify E="1.50" refindex="1.453" abslen="445169" />
             <specify E="2.00" refindex="1.458" abslen="159561" />
             <specify E="2.50" refindex="1.463" abslen="64725" />
             <specify E="3.00" refindex="1.469" abslen="31620" />
             <specify E="3.50" refindex="1.476" abslen="17068" />
             <specify E="4.00" refindex="1.485" abslen="9908" /> 
	     <specify E="4.13" refindex="1.488" abslen="6307" />
	     <specify E="4.50" refindex="1.495" abslen="6216" />
	     <specify E="5.00" refindex="1.508" abslen="4111" />
	     <specify E="5.50" refindex="1.52" abslen="2785" />
        </optical_properties>
  </composite>

  <composite name="InsensitiveFusedSilica">
        <addmaterial material="Silicon"> <natoms n="1"/> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Oxygen"> <natoms n="2"/> </addmaterial>
        <real name="density"    value="2.20"    unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>



    <composite name="OCF446"><!-- material structure is not complete -->
	<addmaterial material="Silicon"> <natoms n="4"/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen"> <natoms n="3"/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Carbon"> <natoms n="20"/> </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="30"/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.04"	unit="g/cm^3" /><!--from the data sheet -->
        <optical_properties> <!-- abs length is copied from RTV-->
	     <specify E="1.50" refindex="1.46" abslen="2.4" />
             <specify E="2.10" refindex="1.46" abslen="2.4" /> <!-- ref. ind. value from the data sheet -->
             <specify E="2.50" refindex="1.46" abslen="2.4" />
             <specify E="3.00" refindex="1.46" abslen="2.37" />
             <specify E="3.50" refindex="1.46" abslen="1.86" />
             <specify E="4.00" refindex="1.46" abslen="1.37" /> 
	     <specify E="4.13" refindex="1.46" abslen="0.1" />
	     <specify E="4.50" refindex="1.46" abslen="0.1" />
	     <specify E="5.00" refindex="1.46" abslen="0.1" />
	     <specify E="5.50" refindex="1.46" abslen="0.1" />
        </optical_properties>
  </composite>

  <composite name="OpticalH2O">
        <addmaterial material="Hydrogen">  <natoms n="2"  /> </addmaterial>
        <addmaterial material="Oxygen">  <natoms n="1"  /> </addmaterial>
        <real name="density"    value="1.00"        unit="g/cm^3"   />
        <optical_properties>
	     <specify E="1.50" refindex="1.329" abslen="281" />
             <specify E="2.00" refindex="1.332" abslen="281" />
             <specify E="2.50" refindex="1.335" abslen="3934" />
             <specify E="3.00" refindex="1.339" abslen="4623" />
             <specify E="3.50" refindex="1.343" abslen="2768" />
             <specify E="4.00" refindex="1.347" abslen="1753" /> 
	     <specify E="4.50" refindex="1.354" abslen="635" />
	     <specify E="5.00" refindex="1.362" abslen="635" />
	     <specify E="5.50" refindex="1.373" abslen="635" />
        </optical_properties>
  </composite>

  <composite name="CerenkovPhotocathode">
	<addmaterial material="Cesium">
	  <fractionmass fraction="1.0" />
 	</addmaterial>
    <optical_properties>
	  <specify E="1.50" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.001" />
	  <specify E="1.60" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.004" />
	  <specify E="1.70" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.008" />
	  <specify E="1.80" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.012" />
	  <specify E="1.90" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.016" />
	  <specify E="2.00" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.019" />
	  <specify E="2.10" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.030" />
	  <specify E="2.20" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.060" />
	  <specify E="2.30" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.090" />
	  <specify E="2.40" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.130" />
	  <specify E="2.50" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.160" />
	  <specify E="2.60" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.190" />
	  <specify E="2.70" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.220" />
	  <specify E="2.80" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.230" />
	  <specify E="2.90" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.240" />
	  <specify E="3.00" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.260" />
	  <specify E="3.10" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.270" />
	  <specify E="3.20" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.270" />
	  <specify E="3.30" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.270" />
	  <specify E="3.40" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.260" />
	  <specify E="3.50" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.250" />
	  <specify E="3.60" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.240" />
	  <specify E="3.70" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.220" />
	  <specify E="3.80" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.190" />
	  <specify E="3.90" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.160" />
	  <specify E="4.00" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.130" />
	  <specify E="4.10" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.100" />
	  <specify E="4.20" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.070" />
	  <specify E="4.30" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.040" />
	  <specify E="4.40" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.030" />
	  <specify E="4.50" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.025" />
	  <specify E="4.60" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.020" />
	  <specify E="4.70" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.015" />
	  <specify E="4.80" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.010" />
	  <specify E="4.90" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.005" />
	  <specify E="5.00" refindex="2.7" abslen="0.0001" effic="0.002" />
    </optical_properties>
  </composite>

  <composite name="BoronNitride"> 
	<addmaterial material="Boron">
		<natoms n="1"/>
	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Nitrogen">
		<natoms n="1"/>
	</addmaterial>
        <real name="density"	value="1.9"	unit="g/cm^3"/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Concrete">
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.004"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.509"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Aluminum">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.034"/>
 	</addmaterial>
    <addmaterial material="Calcium">
        <fractionmass   fraction="0.070"/>
    </addmaterial>
    <addmaterial material="Silicon">
        <fractionmass   fraction="0.345"/>
    </addmaterial>
    <addmaterial material="Iron">
        <fractionmass   fraction="0.038"/>
    </addmaterial>
    <real name="density"	value="2.35"	unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="SoftTungsten">
	<addmaterial material="Tungsten">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.95"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Copper">
		<fractionmass	fraction="0.05"	/>
 	</addmaterial>
  </composite>

  <composite name="PWO">
    <addmaterial material="Tungsten">
        <fractionmass   fraction="0.4040"       />
    </addmaterial>
    <addmaterial material="Lead">
        <fractionmass   fraction="0.4554"       />
    </addmaterial>
    <addmaterial material="Oxygen">
        <fractionmass   fraction="0.1406"       />
    </addmaterial>
    <real name="density"    value="8.28" unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>

  <composite name="StainlessSteel">
	<addmaterial material="Iron">
		<fractionmass fraction="0.6996"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">
		<fractionmass fraction="0.0004"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Manganese">
		<fractionmass fraction="0.01"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Chromium">
		<fractionmass fraction="0.19"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Nickel">
		<fractionmass fraction="0.10"/>
 	</addmaterial>
        <real name="density"	value="8.02"	unit="g/cm^3"/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="LowDensityROHACELL">
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen">
		<natoms n="11"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">
		<natoms n="8"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Nitrogen">
		<natoms n="1"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">
		<natoms n="2"/>
 	</addmaterial>
        <real name="density"	value="0.032"	unit="g/cm^3"/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="MediumDensityROHACELL">
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen">
		<natoms n="11"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">
		<natoms n="8"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Nitrogen">
		<natoms n="1"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">
		<natoms n="2"/>
 	</addmaterial>
        <real name="density"	value="0.075"	unit="g/cm^3"/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="HighDensityROHACELL">
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen">
		<natoms n="11"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">
		<natoms n="8"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Nitrogen">
		<natoms n="1"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">
		<natoms n="2"/>
 	</addmaterial>
        <real name="density"	value="0.110"	unit="g/cm^3"/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Cellulose">
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen">
		<natoms n="10"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">
		<natoms n="6"/>
 	</addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">
		<natoms n="5"/>
 	</addmaterial>
        <real name="density"	value="1.10"	unit="g/cm^3"/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Delrin">
	<addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="1" /></addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Hydrogen"> <natoms n="2" /></addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Oxygen">   <natoms n="1"	/> </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.42"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="FR-4">
	<addmaterial material="BorosilicateGlass">
                <fractionmass   fraction="0.70"/>
        </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="EpoxyResin">
                <fractionmass   fraction="0.30"/>
        </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="1.91"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="SignalCables">
	<addmaterial material="Copper">
        <fractionmass   fraction="0.40" />
    </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="PVC">
        <fractionmass   fraction="0.60" />
    </addmaterial>
  </composite>

  <composite name="CDCHookupCables">
      <addmaterial material="SignalCables">
         <fractionmass fraction="0.983"/>
      </addmaterial>
      <addmaterial material="CDchamberGas">
         <fractionmass fraction="0.017"/>
      </addmaterial>
      <real name="density"   value="1.0"   unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>
   

  <composite name="CircuitBoards">
	<addmaterial material="Polyethylene">
        <fractionmass   fraction="0.35" />
    </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Copper">
        <fractionmass   fraction="0.58" />
    </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="FR-4">
        <fractionmass   fraction="0.07" />
    </addmaterial>
  </composite> 

  <composite name="FDAnodeBoard">
	<addmaterial material="Copper">
        <fractionmass   fraction="0.5" />
    </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="FR-4">
        <fractionmass   fraction="0.5" />
    </addmaterial>
  </composite>

  <!-- The density here is adjusted so that the thickness
       of the effective wire plane volume mocks up the following structure:
             1. one 20 micron tungsten sense wire per cell
             2. one 100 micron aluminum field wire per cell
             3. 100 microns of chamber gas
       The air is there to make the layer thick enough for the Geant
       tracking code not to miss it due to fp rounding errors.  -->
  <composite name="FDCwirePlaneComposite">
	<addmaterial material="Tungsten">
                <fractionmass   fraction="0.21" />
        </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Aluminum">
                <fractionmass   fraction="0.72" />
        </addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="FDchamberGas">
                <fractionmass   fraction="0.07" />
        </addmaterial>
	<real name="density"	value="0.0263"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Fluorinert">
    <addmaterial material="Carbon">   <natoms n="6" /></addmaterial>
	<addmaterial material="Fluorine"> <natoms n="14" /></addmaterial>
    <real name="density"	value="1.68"	unit="g/cm^3"	/>
  </composite>

  <composite name="OpticalAir">
     <addmaterial material="Air">
          <fractionmass   fraction="1.0"  />
     </addmaterial>
     <real name="density"    value="0.001214"        unit="g/cm^3" />
     <optical_properties>
          <specify E="1.50" refindex="1." abslen="456403" />
          <specify E="2.00" refindex="1." abslen="138800" />
          <specify E="2.50" refindex="1." abslen="67116" />
          <specify E="3.00" refindex="1." abslen="29182" />
          <specify E="3.50" refindex="1." abslen="17000" />
          <specify E="4.00" refindex="1." abslen="9768" />
          <specify E="4.50" refindex="1." abslen="6298" />
          <specify E="5.00" refindex="1." abslen="4000" />
          <specify E="5.50" refindex="1." abslen="4000" />
          <specify E="6.00" refindex="1." abslen="4000" />
          <specify E="6.50" refindex="1." abslen="4000" />
          <specify E="7.00" refindex="1." abslen="4000" />
          <specify E="7.50" refindex="1." abslen="4000" />
          <specify E="8.00" refindex="1." abslen="4000" />
     </optical_properties>
  </composite>

  <composite name="Epotek301">
    <addmaterial material="EpoxyResin">
      <fractionmass fraction="1.00" />
    </addmaterial>
    <real name="density" value="1.3" unit="g/cm^3" />
    <optical_properties>
      <specify E="1.50" refindex="1.55" abslen="10000" />
      <specify E="2.00" refindex="1.559" abslen="10000" />
      <specify E="2.50" refindex="1.572" abslen="10000" />
      <specify E="3.00" refindex="1.590" abslen="25" />
      <specify E="3.50" refindex="1.616" abslen="0.84" />
      <specify E="4.00" refindex="1.641" abslen="0.20" />
      <specify E="4.10" refindex="1.648" abslen="0.1" />      
      <specify E="4.50" refindex="1.648" abslen="0.00" />
      <specify E="5.00" refindex="1.648" abslen="0.00" />
    </optical_properties>
  </composite>

  <composite name="InsensitiveEpotek301">
    <addmaterial material="EpoxyResin">
      <fractionmass fraction="1.00" />
    </addmaterial>
    <real name="density" value="1.3" unit="g/cm^3" />
  </composite>


  <composite name="OpticalRTV">
    <addmaterial material="EpoxyResin">
      <fractionmass fraction="1.00" />
    </addmaterial>
    <real name="density" value="1.3" unit="g/cm^3" />
    <optical_properties>
      <specify E="1.50" refindex="1.406" abslen="14.2" />
      <specify E="2.00" refindex="1.406" abslen="14.2" />
      <specify E="2.50" refindex="1.406" abslen="14.2" />
      <specify E="3.00" refindex="1.406" abslen="11.54" />
      <specify E="3.50" refindex="1.406" abslen="5.29" />
      <specify E="4.00" refindex="1.406" abslen="2.98" />
      <specify E="4.10" refindex="1.406" abslen="2.43" />      
      <specify E="4.50" refindex="1.406" abslen="2.43" />
      <specify E="5.00" refindex="1.406" abslen="2.43" />
    </optical_properties>
  </composite>

</materials>

<!-- </HDDS> -->